Debian: Difference between revisions

From Andreida
 
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* [[Find out bits of linux]]
* [[Find out bits of linux]]
* [[debian, dig]]
* [[debian, dig]]
* [[rename a user / change username]]
* [[Install Java]]


= Config/Setup/Install =
= Config/Setup/Install =
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* [[apt-get, proxy]]
* [[apt-get, proxy]]
* [[debian, create swapfile]]
* [[debian, create swapfile]]
* [[debian, minimum to send mail but not receive any]]
* Check disks
lsblk -f
* [[Error: update-initramfs warning: initramfs-tools configuration sets RESUME but no matching swap device is available]]
* [[Automatically update date/time]]
* [[Minimum install to be able to be a X-Client]]

=== Use a backport ===
([https://www.how2shout.com/linux/how-to-install-and-use-backports-in-debian-11-bullseye/ source])

* [[Using a backport]]


=== upgrade Debian to the next major version ===
=== upgrade Debian to the next major version ===
* [[upgrading Debian to the next major version]]
* update the system

apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y dist-upgrade
=== date uses wrong timezone, shows wrong format ===
* Check your current major version number
timedatectl list-timezones | grep Berlin
cat /etc/issue
timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Berlin
* Goto https://www.debian.org/releases/ and get the names for your current version and the version you want to change to
9 Stretch
man date
10 Buster
vi ~/.bashrc
* change the old string to the new string in /etc/apt/sources.list (mind upper-/lowercase)
alias date="date +'%F %T'"
sed -i 's/stretch/buster/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
* update the system
apt-get update && apt-get -y upgrade && apt-get -y dist-upgrade
* boot your system
shutdown -r now
* Check your current major version number
cat /etc/issue


== Other ==
== Other ==
* [[Debian, E-Mail server]]
* [[Debian, E-Mail server]]
* [[backup with rsnapshot]]
* [[Apache 2]]
* [[Apache 2]]
* [[Installing MediaWiki on Debian]]
* [[Installing MediaWiki on Debian]]
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adduser andreas sudo
adduser andreas sudo


User andreas has to relogin for the new group to be enabled.
User andreas has to relogin for the new group to be enabled for him.
To check if you are part of the group sudo use
groups

Modify sudo rights and behavior:
visudo

Set vi as editor for visudo (.bashrc of root, will not work this way for any sudo user without more work)
export SUDO_EDITOR=`which vi`

Using sudo without password:
%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
Make sure to add this as last line or at least after all lines which do anything like this because otherwise the other rules will be used instead of this one.

Don't put your stuff into the regular sudo file which is shown by visudo. Instead create a file
vi /etc/sudoers.d/custom
and add content like this:
<pre>
# activate this to allow all commands without password
# %sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# command per user which don't need a password, comma seperated
andreas ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/shutdown, /usr/bin/ls
</pre>


=== top ===
=== top ===
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sudo apt-get install build-essential manpages-dev libstdc++-8-doc
sudo apt-get install build-essential manpages-dev libstdc++-8-doc
If libstdc++-8-doc does not exist, check for later versions. libstdc++-9-doc ...
If libstdc++-8-doc does not exist, check for later versions. libstdc++-9-doc ...

=== Repository changes ===
This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be applied. See apt-secure

apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change


=== screen "press space or return to end" ===
.screenrc
startup_message off

Latest revision as of 18:03, 12 August 2024

Console

Config/Setup/Install

System

lsblk -f

Use a backport

(source)

upgrade Debian to the next major version

date uses wrong timezone, shows wrong format

timedatectl list-timezones | grep Berlin
timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Berlin

man date
vi ~/.bashrc
alias date="date +'%F %T'"

Other


sudo

apt-get install sudo
adduser <user> sudo
adduser andreas sudo

User andreas has to relogin for the new group to be enabled for him. To check if you are part of the group sudo use 

groups

Modify sudo rights and behavior: 

visudo

Set vi as editor for visudo (.bashrc of root, will not work this way for any sudo user without more work) 

 export SUDO_EDITOR=`which vi`

Using sudo without password: 

%sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Make sure to add this as last line or at least after all lines which do anything like this because otherwise the other rules will be used instead of this one.

Don't put your stuff into the regular sudo file which is shown by visudo. Instead create a file 

vi /etc/sudoers.d/custom

and add content like this: 

# activate this to allow all commands without password
# %sudo ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

# command per user which don't need a password, comma seperated
andreas ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/shutdown, /usr/bin/ls

top

The output of top looks uninteresting and is bad to read. This does not have to be that way. Download Media:Top-config.zip to your home directory, unzip it and hope it does not crash/destroy something in your system. I only tested this with Debian 10.

  • download to your home directory
  • unzip
  • call top
top

I just pressed '?' and tried the things they tell you there. Then I zipped the result.

install c++

sudo apt-get install build-essential manpages-dev libstdc++-8-doc

If libstdc++-8-doc does not exist, check for later versions. libstdc++-9-doc ...

Repository changes

This must be accepted explicitly before updates for this repository can be applied. See apt-secure

apt-get update --allow-releaseinfo-change


screen "press space or return to end"

.screenrc 

startup_message off
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